Electrical Engineering > GATE 2025 > RC Circuits
In the circuit, shown below, if the values of R and C are very large, the form of the output voltage for a very high frequency square wave input, is best represented by
A
B
C
D

Correct : c

The circuit is an RC series high-pass filter with output taken across R. Since R and C are both very large, the time constant τ = RC is extremely large. The input is a very high frequency square wave, meaning the period T is very small compared to τ.
The condition T << τ means the capacitor voltage barely changes during each half cycle — the capacitor does not have enough time to charge or discharge significantly. The output voltage Vout = Vin − VC. Since VC remains nearly constant, Vout faithfully tracks Vin and the output is essentially the same square wave as the input with only negligible exponential droop at the top and bottom of each pulse.
This is the classic pass-through behaviour of a high-pass filter at very high frequencies — the capacitor acts almost as a short circuit (cannot change voltage fast enough) so the full input appears across R. The output waveform looks like a square wave that almost perfectly reproduces the input.
Correct answer: C ✓

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Related Topics

RC circuit high-pass filter GATE 2025 GATE EE 2025 Q37 large RC high frequency square wave output GATE RC pass-through behaviour high frequency GATE EE time constant τ >> T square wave GATE high frequency RC circuit output waveform GATE

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