Correct : c

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is the protocol that needs to broadcast some of its messages. When a new device joins a network, it does not yet have an IP address and does not know the address of any DHCP server. Because of this, the device sends a DHCP Discover message as a broadcast to the address 255.255.255.255, hoping that a DHCP server on the network will hear it and respond. The server then replies with a DHCP Offer, also typically broadcast, and the process completes with Request and Acknowledgment messages. Without broadcasting, the client would have no way to locate the server since it has no IP configuration at all yet.
The other options do not need broadcasting. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending emails between mail servers and clients — it always communicates with a known server address using TCP on port 25. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) transfers files between a client and a known server and always uses directed unicast communication. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used for web communication between browsers and servers, also always unicast to a specific IP address and port.
The key distinction is that DHCP operates before the client has any IP identity — so broadcasting is not just useful, it is the only option available at that stage.
Correct answer: C — DHCP ✓