Correct : c

The correct answer is Option C — A dynamically allocated array of integers created using malloc().
The C runtime memory layout is divided into distinct regions. The stack holds local variables, function parameters, and return addresses — all with automatic lifetime tied to their scope. The BSS/data segment holds global and static variables. The heap is the region explicitly managed by the programmer for dynamic memory allocation.
Option A — Static variable inside a function: The static keyword gives a variable static storage duration regardless of where it is declared. It is stored in the BSS or data segment, persisting for the entire program lifetime. Not heap.
Option B — Array declared inside a function: A locally declared array like int arr[10] inside a function is a local variable with automatic storage duration — it lives on the stack and is destroyed when the function returns. Not heap.
Option C — Dynamically allocated array via malloc(): malloc() explicitly requests memory from the heap at runtime. The programmer is responsible for freeing it using free(). This is the canonical use of heap memory. Heap ✓ Correct.
Option D — Return address of a function: When a function is called, the CPU pushes the return address onto the call stack so execution can resume at the correct point after the function completes. Not heap.