The expected length of the subinterval that contains 0.4 is ______ (rounded off to two decimal places)
Correct : 0.74
Explanation:
1. Let X be the random point chosen uniformly over (0,1). The probability density function of X is f(x) = 1 for 0 < x < 1.
2. The point X splits the interval into two pieces: (0, X) and (X, 1). The subinterval containing 0.4 depends entirely on where X falls:
• If X ≤ 0.4, then 0.4 lies in the right subinterval (X, 1), which has a length of: 1 - X
• If X > 0.4, then 0.4 lies in the left subinterval (0, X), which has a length of: X
3. The expected length E[L] is calculated by integrating these lengths over their respective intervals:
E[L] = ∫00.4 (1 - x) dx + ∫0.41 x dx
4. Evaluating the first part (from 0 to 0.4):
[x - x2/2]00.4 = (0.4 - 0.42/2) - 0 = 0.4 - 0.08 = 0.32
5. Evaluating the second part (from 0.4 to 1):
[x2/2]0.41 = (12/2) - (0.42/2) = 0.5 - 0.08 = 0.42
6. Adding both parts together gives the total expected length:
E[L] = 0.32 + 0.42 = 0.74
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