Computer Sciences > GATE 2025 SET-2 > Counters
In a 4-bit ripple counter, if the period of the waveform at the last flip-flop is 64 microseconds, then the frequency of the ripple counter in kHz is ______ (Answer in integer)
Correct : 15.625
The correct answer is 15.625 kHz.
In a ripple counter, each flip-flop divides the clock frequency by 2. A 4-bit ripple counter has 4 flip-flops cascaded, so the last flip-flop''s output frequency = clock frequency ÷ 24 = clock frequency ÷ 16.
The period of the last flip-flop''s waveform is given as 64 microseconds.
So the frequency at the last flip-flop = 1 / 64μs = 1 / (64 × 10-6) = 15,625 Hz = 15.625 kHz.
This is also the frequency of the counter output. The input clock frequency would be 15.625 × 16 = 250 kHz.
Key formula to remember - for an n-bit ripple counter, output frequency = fclock / 2n, or equivalently, fclock = output frequency × 2n.
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