Correct : 1
To find the number of possible values of |A|, let us represent the cardinality of the finite sets as |A| = n and |B| = m, where n, m ≥ 1.
Analyze Condition (i):
• There is a one-to-one and onto (bijective) function from A to B.
• This implies that both sets have the exact same number of elements:
|A| = |B| → n = m
Analyze Condition (ii):
• There is a one-to-one and onto (bijective) function from A × A to A ∪ B.
• This means their cardinalities must also be equal:
|A × A| = |A ∪ B|
Let us calculate the size of both sides using the fact that n = m:
• |A × A| = |A| × |A| = n · n = n2
• For the union, we use the principle of inclusion-exclusion:
|A ∪ B| = |A| + |B| - |A ∩ B| = n + n - |A ∩ B| = 2n - |A ∩ B|
Equating the two sizes:
n2 = 2n - |A ∩ B|
Solve for n:
Rearranging the equation to isolate the intersection size:
|A ∩ B| = 2n - n2
Since |A ∩ B| represents a count of elements, its value must be greater than or equal to 0:
2n - n2 ≥ 0 → n(2 - n) ≥ 0
Since A is a non-empty finite set, we know n ≥ 1. For the inequality to hold true, the term (2 - n) must be greater than or equal to 0:
2 - n ≥ 0 → n ≤ 2
This limits the allowable integer values for n to just 1 or 2.
Similar Questions
Total Unique Visitors