Chemical Engineering > GATE 2024 > Bioreactors
Consider the surge drum in the figure. Initially the system is at steady-state with a hold-up V̅ = 5 m3, which is 50% of full tank capacity, Vfull, and volumetric flow rates F̅in = F̅out = 1 m3 h−1. The high hold-up alarm limit Vhigh = 0.8 Vfull while the low hold-up alarm limit Vlow = 0.2 Vfull. A proportional (P-only) controller manipulates the outflow to regulate the hold-up V as Fout = Kc(V − V̅) + F̅out. At t = 0, Fin increases as a step from 1 m3 h−1 to 2 m3 h−1. Assume linear control valves and instantaneous valve dynamics. Let Kcmin be the minimum controller gain that ensures V never exceeds Vhigh. The value of Kcmin, in h−1, rounded off to 2 decimal places, is _________

Correct : 1.8

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